在线教学最佳实践

These best practices will set you up for success in your online 课程s. 点击 工具和资源的最佳实践.

• 让学生的学习成果指导课程设计

  Review your 课程 learning outcomes (sometimes called objectives) for the entire 课程. Then determine how students will demonstrate to you that they've achieved 这些目标(总结性评估). 一旦你有了总结性评估，就开始思考 through the specific content and 技能 students need in order to be successful. 这 will guide the 课程 design and determine the content and formative assessments you 需要包含.

  在课程评估工具包中了解更多信息

• Prepare Students for Online 学习 and Know your Students' Needs

  Consider contacting your students and asking them a series of questions about  their 课堂需求. 下面是示例问题的链接. 你可以在Qualtrics中创建这个， 通过Canvas，或者使用Google表单.

  在谷歌表格中预先创建的调查. 请注意，您必须在自己的帐户中复制此表格.

  谷歌文档中的问题. 注意，您必须下载副本并进行编辑.

  样题

• 使用真实的学习评估

  Authentic assessment requires application of 课程 knowledge to a new situation. These types of assessments focus on complex, real-world situations that require a student to think about application of knowledge and 技能 in society rather than 就在教室里. 

  Because authentic assessment asks students to apply knowledge they are typically more
  有趣，因此对学生更有激励作用. 真实的评估也是 typically a better measure of student learning, especially for higher-order thinking 技能. They also eliminate any concerns about academic dishonesty since the student 生产原创作品，通常是部分的吗.

  在课程评估工具包中了解更多信息

• 使用低风险评估来评估早期学习

  Low-stakes assignments are forms of evaluation that do not heavily impact students’ 期末成绩或其他教育成果. 低风险任务的目的 is to provide students with an indication of their performance while taking a 课程 and give students an opportunity to improve their performance prior to receiving a 作业或课程的最终成绩. 期中项目或考试来了 来不及给出必要的指导. 

  在课程评估工具包中了解更多信息

• 征求博天堂官方网站课程进展情况的早期反馈 

  Early in the semester, around week 3, ask students how it's going. 早期反馈 surveys or informal discussions with students throughout the 课程 asks students to provide feedback on what is working well and what will help them have a better 课程体验. Do this early so that you can make corrections and modifications 到你的课程.

• 在场

  Students won't see you most of the time so it is important that you are in regular 与他们沟通. 使用Canvas通信工具，比如公告 定期讨论. 你应该计划好时间，积极参加在线课程 每周多次——如果你能做到的话，每天都可以! 当教师与学生互动时 regularly online a community is built just like an in-person 课程

  Here are some suggestions for remaining present in your online 课程:

  • 设置固定的虚拟办公时间 
  • Create a discussion board for student questions and set notifications so you know 什么时候回应.
  • Create a discussion board that you use to post 课程-related materials such as news 文章、表情包、图片等. 学生也可以通过发帖来建立社区.
  • Be clear about when you are available and when students can expect a response to an 电邮或邮寄.
• 创建一个支持性社区

  Design a 课程 with multiple ways of interacting so that students engage in student-to-faculty 以及学生之间的互动.

  师生互动

  • Provide a personal introduction at the start of class so students get to know you. Video is a great idea since students won't get to meet you in person.
  • 提供视频、文本或音频的迷你讲座
  • 参与每周的指导和提醒公告
  • Engage with students through office hours, discussions, or announcements to explain 作为一个班级或个别的课程内容

  Student-to-Student交互

  • Start class with an introduction discussion board and asks students to post a video or written introduction that includes fun facts and a photograph
  • Create a general discussion forum for students where they can ask questions and get 互相帮助
  • Use small groups where students are responsible for working through 课程 readings 以及其他材料
  • Set up small group activities or discussions using the Canvas group feature
• 分享明确的期望

  Online learning is intensive and it is important for students to have clear expectations about the 课程 schedule, deadlines for participating in discussion forums, due dates, 参与或出席. 

  It is also important that students know what to expect about communication. 将如何 他们与你互动，你将如何与他们沟通? 他们会坚持多久? 等待电子邮件的回复? 这对在线学生来说很重要，因为他们 won't see you at the next class session as in an in-person 课程.

• Use a Variety of Large Group, Small Group, and Individual Work Experiences

  Online 课程s can be more enjoyable for students when they have the opportunity to 一起工作. Build in this opportunity but also provide individual assignments. 两者的混合是最理想的. 在网络课程中，小组作业并不一定是乏味的. Instead of graded group assignment or presentations consider discussion groups where 学生讨论阅读、问题或案例研究/场景. 

• Create Discussion Posts that Invite Questions, Discussions, and Reflection

  如果你想要一个好的讨论，你必须提出一个好的问题. 你要避免 posting a discussion question that asks for facts or questions with a yes/no answer. Make sure your questions are open-ended and require engagement with the 课程 material.

  网上讨论的技巧

  • 树立良好的苏格拉底式探究和后续问题. 你为什么这么想? 什么 你的理由是什么?? 有没有别的策略? 问一些澄清性的问题 encourage students to think about what they know and don’t know.
  • Stagger due dates of the responses and consider mid-point summary and /or encouraging 评论
  • Provide guidelines and instruction on responding to other students. 例如，建议 a two-part response: (1) what you liked or agreed with or what resonated with you, and (2) a follow-up question such as what you are wondering about or curious about, 等.
  • 是灵活的. Consider indicating a number of discussions students must participate 在整个学期中. 这为在职学生和家长提供了灵活性 让所有学生都有选择的余地.
  • Have students (individually or in a small group) pose questions throughout the semester. 这 puts them in charge of the discussion and allows you to see where students are 纠结于课程材料和/或有误解.

在线教学技术支持

You can find resources for using teaching technologies from the Instructional Design 和发展的 ID点播图书馆.